Как паять полипропиленовые трубы в труднодоступных местах

Автор Петр Андреевич На чтение 5 мин. Просмотров 438

Многим кажется, что ремонтировать конструкции из полипропилена – это несложно. Но так происходит ровно до тех пор, пока ремонт и пайку полипропиленовых труб не потребуется провести в труднодоступных местах. Набор инструментов и знаний позволят решить эту задачу.

Как ремонтировать полипропилен в труднодоступных местах

Понадобится паяльник, или как его еще называют утюг с насадками. Существует мнение, что при ремонте трубопровода в труднодоступном месте снимается весь узел. Но можно заменить именно ту часть, которая имеет повреждения.

Работы с ПП не такие сложные, как кажется на первый взгляд. Но проблемы возникают, когда пайка труб происходит в труднодоступных местах. В них нет достаточного пространства. Здесь прибегают к различным хитростям.

• Поверхность необходимо обезжирить. Сделать это можно раствором. Тряпкой или салфеткой такой раствор наносится на поверхность. Затем, когда он подсыхает, можно переходить к следующим действиям.
• Паяльник необходимо разогреть заранее. Рабочая температура составляет 260 градусов. Хорошие приборы, которые дорого стоят, очень быстро достигают такой температуры. Буквально за пять минут. Более экономичным моделям паяльников на этот процесс понадобится 10-15 минут. Перед разогревом устанавливают насадки.
• Когда инструмент разогрет, вставляется конец трубопровода и фитинга одновременно в насадки. После нагрева происходит их стыковка. Какое-то время нужно подождать, чтобы все «схватилось».
• Таким же образом спаиваем все остальное. Бывают ситуации, когда нет возможности нагреть оба края одновременно. Тогда берем внутренний фитинг, и нагреваем его подольше.

Бывает так, что необходимо заменить участок повреждения. Тогда его предварительно вырезают секаторами ножницами. Сделать это можно следующим образом:

• Перекрывается вода, которая подается на поврежденную территорию. Кран для перекрытия всегда есть. А в современных системах водоснабжения перекрывается каждый участок.
• Секаторами ровно, под углом 90 градусов срезаются повреждения.

Технология пайки электро муфтой

Способ применим для конструкций, диаметр которых начинается от 20 мм и выше. Перед началом проводятся подготовительные работы. Затем поверхность зачищается от жира и грязи и происходит непосредственно сварка.

Весь процесс состоит из этапов:

• Проверка оборудования. Перед началом работы проверяется исправность, чтобы неисправности не обнаружились во время сварочных работ.
• Подготовить все инструменты и рабочую площадь.
• Ровно отрезать концы. Обрезка концов трубопровода должна производиться строго под углом 90%.
• Свариваемые края трубопроводов должны быть обезжирены. Сделать это можно с помощью влажных безворсовых салфеток, уайт-спирита, растворителя. Перед свариванием необходимо дождаться пока обезжиривающее вещество испарится. Удалить необходимо и лишний оксидный слой, снять необходимые фаски.
• При сильной деформации, убирается овальность с краев. Делается это гидравлическими зажимами.
• Детали зажимаются в позиционере. Это придает им устойчивость. При охлаждении движение исключено, значит, обеспечено ровная спайка друг с другом.
• Сварка электро муфтой.
• Охлаждение сваренного.
• Снятие всех креплений и протирка от грязи. Возможно зачистка торчащих частей материала.

Переходная муфта американка

Придуманный в США классический фитинг с гайкой называется «американка». У него есть много преимуществ. Главное из них это, что для работы с ним не требуется много пространства. Поэтому на сложных участках при работе с полипропиленовой трубой используйте американку.

Какие у нее преимущества перед другими?

• Легко устанавливается, снимается, можно оперативно с ее помощью перекрывать участки для частичной замены.
• Обеспечивает хорошую герметичность.
• Возможна установка таких фитингов в труднодоступных местах.

У американок много разновидностей, они отличаются не только размером. Бывают фитинги с наружной, внутренней резьбой, смешанные. Могут быть изготовлены американки из разного материала. Такие изделия делаются из латуни, стали, других металлов. В одном изделии могут применяться разные металлы.

Изделия по назначению могут отличаться. Бывают муфты представляющие собой двухсторонний фитинг. Изготавливают тройники, крестовины, заглушки, переходники разного диаметра.

Как устранить протечку труб самостоятельно

При обнаружении протечки многие пытаются выполнить самостоятельный ремонт этой протечки полипропиленовой трубы. В основном возникают неисправности следующего характера:

• Износ прокладок. В результате появляется течь. Замена прокладки помогает ее устранению.
• Нарушение герметичности. Если соединение резьбовое, то самостоятельно заменить его будет несложно. Достаточно приобрести в магазине сантехники такую же деталь и поменять ее.

• Спайка узла на весу – В этом случае можно применить такой нехитрый прием: нагреть паяльник, отсоединить насадку, с помощью разводного ключа горячую насадку одеть на трубу. Далее снять насадку и произвести соединения.
• Установка готового спаянного узла – Бывает что нужно спаять узел на месте нет возможности, и тогда спаиваем требуемую деталь. А уже после заменяем им повреждённый участок трубы.

Труба под напором

Иногда требуется устранить течь полипропиленовой трубы под давлением воды. Не всегда будет возможность перекрыть подачу воды. Итак, чиним стык ПП в водопроводной или отопительной системе под напором. Есть несколько способов. Сначала следует указать наиболее эффективные.

• Установка хомута. На повреждения накладывается резиновое уплотнение и стягивается хомутами.
• Специальный клей. Современные технологии помогают в решение этой проблемы. Клей быстро схватывается, если есть возможность, можно им воспользоваться.
• Небольшие течи устраняют вкручиванием самореза с резиновой прокладкой.
• Бинт, пропитанный цементом, накладывается на повреждения. Сверху все замазывается раствором. Подойдет такой способ для устранения небольшой течи.

Труба без напора

Для ремонта без напора воды, может потребоваться замена. Делается это путем установки резьбовым соединением нового механизма, либо пайкой. При спаивании их концы и поверхности насадок обрабатываются обезжиривателем.

После того, как обнаружилась течь, вода перекрывается. В современных системах водоснабжения есть возможность перекрывать отдельные участки. Далее ремонтируем стык в безнапорной системе.

• Отсоединяем повреждения.
• Если можно заменить в нем какую-то деталь, это будет идеальный вариант, меняем.
• При невозможности замены приобретается и собирается другая.
• Затем монтируем уже исправленное.

Современные технологии позволяют смонтировать сложные и гибкие в использовании системы водоснабжения. И если раньше ими занимались только специалисты, то сейчас азы доступны любому непосвященному человеку. Ведь процесс такой сборки и ремонта со временем автоматизируется.

ПолезноБесполезно90000 How to make a polypropylene water pipe with your own hands 90001 Sooner or later everything fails, andrunning water is no exception. If you have to replace the old pipes with new ones, it makes sense to collect a polypropylene water pipe with your own hands. But to begin with it is worth to carefully familiarize yourself with the work process, which is not so difficult as it may seem at first glance. 90002 Modern water pipes are made of polypropylenefor a variety of reasons. They are much superior to cast iron in quality — the smooth inner surface does not allow them to clog.Such a water supply will last for more than one year, and you only need to mount it once. It is worth considering how to make a polypropylene water pipe with your own hands, and what materials and tools you will need for this. First you need to buy a special soldering iron. With pipes it is important to be careful, since for cold and hot water you need different. Fittings are designed for joining pipes between them, they should be taken with a reserve. You will also need scissors for cutting pipes from polypropylene and a set of water pipes.As a degreasing liquid, it is recommended to use acetone. In addition, you will need a variety of fasteners. 90003 If you decide to make a water supply frompolypropylene with their own hands, then at the first stage you should make a diagram of the planned construction. On it you must specify the size of the premises, as well as the approximate placement of pipes. The plan is necessary to you in order to be able to think through all the nuances that will make the installation sequence simple and understandable.Further it is required to prepare the pipes and fittings necessary for work. Polypropylene is cut using special scissors. It is inadmissible that irregularities and cracks are present on the surface of the parts. A soldering iron must be heated for a quarter of an hour before starting work, and after that it is possible to begin work. 90002 In the places of joining pipes and fittings of the partit is necessary to degrease as thoroughly as possible. The best way is to use rags soaked in acetone. If you make a polypropylene water pipe with your own hands, observe the safety rules when working with a soldering iron.Carefully put the parts on it for 3 seconds so that they warm up well. In this case, the polypropylene should be well pressed against the nozzles. Thanks to the flashing light bulb you will understand at what point the parts should be removed. They need to be sharply removed from the baits, and then pressed to each other as tightly as possible. Only so melted material can become a single whole. 90003 It is necessary to do everything qualitatively, sincethe bonded elements can not be divided. After this, the pipes can be mounted to the walls with special fasteners.The layout can be hidden in the wall, first having penetrated special grooves. 90002 Now you know how to solderpolypropylene pipes by hand. The described process is applicable to all details of the water supply. Similarly, you can make a pool of polypropylene with your own hands, only it will take a little more effort. 90003 .90000 How To Solder: A Complete Beginners Guide 90001 90002 90003 Learning how to solder w / proper soldering techniques is a fundamental skill every maker should master. In this tutorial, we outline the basics of soldering irons, soldering stations, types of solder, desoldering and safety tips. Whether you’re building a robot or working with Arduino, knowing how to solder will come in handy. 90004 90002 90006 FREE EBOOK (PDF) 90007 — Learn To Solder Guide (17 pages) 90004 90002 If you were to take apart any electronic device that contains a circuit board, you’ll see the components are attached using soldering techniques.Soldering is the process of joining two or more electronic parts together by melting solder around the connection. Solder is a metal alloy and when it cools it creates a strong electrical bond between the parts. Even though soldering can create a permanent connection, it can also be reversed using a desoldering tool as described below. 90004 90002 90004 90002 The good thing about learning how to solder is the fact that you do not need a lot to get started. Below we’ll outline the basic tools and materials you will need for most of your soldering projects.90004 90015 Soldering Iron 90016 90002 A soldering iron is a hand tool that plugs into a standard 120v AC outlet and heats up in order to melt solder around electrical connections. This is one of the most important tools used in soldering and it can come in a few variations such as pen or gun form. For beginners, it’s recommended that you use the pen style soldering iron in the 15W to 30W range. Most soldering irons have interchangeable tips that can be used for different soldering applications.Be very cautious when using any type of soldering iron because it can heat up to 896 ‘F which is extremely hot. 90004 90002 90004 90015 Soldering Station 90016 90002 A soldering station is a more advanced version of the basic standalone soldering pen. If you are going to be doing a lot of soldering, these are great to have as they offer more flexibility and control. The main benefit of a soldering station is the ability to precisely adjust the temperature of the soldering iron which is great for a range of projects.These stations can also create a safer workspace as some include advanced temperature sensors, alert settings and even password protection for safety. 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90015 Soldering Iron Tips 90016 90002 At the end of most soldering irons is an interchangeable part known as a soldering tip. There are many variations of this tip and they come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. Each tip is used for a specific purpose and offers a distinct advantage over another. The most common tips you will use in electronics projects are the conical tip and the chisel tip.90004 90002 90006 Conical Tip 90007 — Used in precision electronics soldering because of the fine tip. Because of its pointed end, it’s able to deliver heat to smaller areas without affecting its surroundings. 90004 90002 90006 Chisel Tip 90007 — This tip is well-suited to soldering wires or other larger components because of its broad flat tip. 90004 Image Credit — Sparkfun.com 90015 Brass or Conventional Sponge 90016 90002 Using a sponge will help to keep the soldering iron tip clean by removing the oxidation that forms.Tips with oxidation will tend to turn black and not accept solder as it did when it was new. You could use a conventional wet sponge but this tends to shorten the lifespan of the tip due to expansion and contraction. Also, a wet sponge will drop the temperature of the tip temporarily when wiped. A better alternative is to use a brass sponge as shown on the left. 90004 90002 90004 90015 Soldering Iron Stand 90016 90002 A soldering iron stand is very basic but very useful and handy to have.This stand helps prevent the hot iron tip from coming in contact with flammable materials or causing accidental injury to your hand. Most soldering stations come with this built in and also include a sponge or brass sponge for cleaning the tip. 90004 90002 90004 90015 Solder 90016 90002 Solder is a metal alloy material that is melted to create a permanent bond between electrical parts. It comes in both lead and lead-free variations with diameters of .032 «and .062» being the most common.Inside the solder core is a material known as flux which helps improve electrical contact and its mechanical strength. 90004 90002 For electronics soldering, the most commonly used type is lead-free rosin core solder. This type of solder is usually made up of a Tin / Copper alloy. You can also use leaded 60/40 (60% tin, 40% lead) rosin core solder but it’s becoming less popular due to health concerns. If you do use lead solder, make sure you have proper ventilation and that you wash your hands after use.90004 90002 90004 90002 When buying solder, make sure NOT to use acid core solder as this will damage your circuits and components. Acid core solder is sold at home improvement stores and is mainly used for plumbing and metal working. 90004 90002 As mentioned earlier, solder does come in a few different diameters. The thicker diameter solder (.062 «) is good for soldering larger joints more quickly but it can make soldering smaller joints difficult. For this reason, it’s always a good idea to have both sizes on hand for your different projects.90004 90015 Helping Hand (Third Hand) 90016 90002 A helping hand is a device that has 2 or more alligator clips and sometimes a magnifying glass / light attached. This clips will assist you by holding the items you are trying to solder while you use the soldering iron and solder. A very helpful tool to have in your makerspace. 90004 90002 90004 90002 Now that you know what tools and materials are required, it’s time to briefly discuss ways of staying safe while soldering. 90004 90002 Soldering irons can reach temperatures of 800 ‘F so it’s very important to know where your iron is at all times.We always recommend you use a soldering iron stand to help prevent accidental burns or damage. 90004 90002 90004 90002 Make sure you are soldering in a well ventilated area. When solder is heated, there are fumes released that are harmful to your eyes and lungs. It’s recommended to use a fume extractor which is a fan with a charcoal filter that absorbs the harmful solder smoke you can visit sites like Integrated Air Systems for air filtration systems. 90004 90002 It’s always a good idea to wear protective eye wear in case of accidental splashes of hot solder.Lastly, make sure to wash your hands when done soldering especially if using lead solder. 90004 90002 Before you can start soldering, you need to prep your soldering iron by tinning the tip with solder. This process will help improve the heat transfer from the iron to the item you’re soldering. Tinning will also help to protect the tip and reduce wear. 90004 90002 90006 Step 1: 90007 Begin by making sure the tip is attached to the iron and screwed tightly in place. 90004 90002 90006 Step 2: 90007 Turn on your soldering iron and let it heat up.If you have a soldering station with an adjustable temp control, set it to 400 ‘C / 752’ F. 90004 90002 90006 Step 3: 90007 Wipe the tip of the soldering iron on a damp wet sponge to clean it. Wait a few seconds to let the tip heat up again before proceeding to step 4. 90004 90002 90006 Step 4: 90007 Hold the soldering iron in one hand and solder in the other. Touch the solder to the tip of the iron and make sure the solder flows evenly around the tip. 90004 90002 90004 90002 You should tin the tip of your iron before and after each soldering session to extend its life.Eventually, every tip will wear out and will need replacing when it becomes rough or pitted. 90004 90002 To better explain how to solder, we’re going to demonstrate it with a real world application. In this example, we’re going to solder an LED to a circuit board. 90004 90002 90106 90107 90004 90002 90006 Step 1: Mount The Component 90007 — Begin by inserting the leads of the LED into the holes of the circuit board. Flip the board over and bend the leads outward at a 45 ‘angle. This will help the component make a better connection with the copper pad and prevent it from falling out while soldering.90004 90002 90004 90002 90006 Step 2: Heat The Joint 90007 — Turn your soldering iron on and if it has an adjustable heat control, set it to 400’C. At this point, touch the tip of the iron to the copper pad and the resistor lead at the same time. You need to hold the soldering iron in place for 3-4 seconds in order to heat the pad and the lead. 90004 90002 90004 90002 90006 Step 3: Apply Solder To Joint 90007 — Continue holding the soldering iron on the copper pad and the lead and touch your solder to the joint.90006 IMPORTANT 90007 — Do not touch the solder directly to the tip of the iron. You want the joint to be hot enough to melt the solder when it’s touched. If the joint is too cold, it will form a bad connection. 90004 90002 90004 90002 90006 Step 4: Snip The Leads 90007 90132 90133 — Remove the soldering iron and let the solder cool down naturally. Do not blow on the solder as this will cause a bad joint. Once cool, you can snip the extra wire from leads. 90004 90002 A proper solder joint is smooth, shiny and looks like a volcano or cone shape.You want just enough solder to cover the entire joint but not too much so it becomes a ball or spills to a nearby lead or joint. 90004 90002 90004 90002 Now it’s time to show you how to solder wires together. For this process, it’s recommended to use helping hands or other type of clamp device. 90004 90002 Begin by removing the insulation from the ends of both wires you are soldering together. If the wire is stranded, twist the strands together with your fingers. 90004 90002 90004 90002 Make sure your soldering iron is fully heated and touch the tip to the end of one of the wires.Hold it on the wire for 3-4 seconds. 90004 90002 90004 90002 Keep the iron in place and touch the solder to the wire until it’s fully coated. Repeat this process on the other wire. 90004 90002 90004 90002 Hold the two tinned wires on top of each other and touch the soldering iron to both wires. This process should melt the solder and coat both wires evenly. 90004 90002 90004 90002 Remove the soldering iron and wait a few seconds to let the soldered connection cool and harden. Use heat shrink to cover the connection.90004 90002 90004 90002 The good thing about using solder is the fact that it can be removed easily in a technique known as desoldering. This comes in handy if you need to remove a component or make a correction to your electronic circuit. 90004 90002 To desolder a joint, you will need solder wick which is also known as desoldering braid. 90004 90002 90004 90002 90006 Step 1 90007 — Place a piece of the desoldering braid on top of the joint / solder you want removed. 90004 90002 90006 Step 2 90007 — Heat your soldering iron and touch the tip to the top of the braid.This will heat the solder below which will then be absorbed into the desoldering braid. You can now remove the braid to see the solder has been extracted and removed. Be careful touching the braid when you are heating it because it will get hot. 90004 90002 90004 90002 90006 Optional 90007 — If you have a lot of solder you want removed, you may want to use a device called a solder sucker. This is a handheld mechanical vacuum that sucks up hot solder with a press of a button. 90004 90002 To use, press the plunger down at the end of the solder sucker.Heat the joint with your soldering iron and place the tip of the solder sucker over the hot solder. Press the release button to suck up the liquid solder. In order to empty the solder sucker, press down on the plunger. 90004 90002 90004 90002 90006 FREE 90007 — Learn To Solder Guide (17 pages) 90004 .90000 Electronics Club — Soldering Guide 90001 Electronics Club — Soldering Guide — how to solder, precautions, heat sink, desoldering, burns treatment 90002 90003 How to solder | Heat sink | Components | Solder | Desoldering | Burns 90004 90003 For information about soldering irons and other tools please see the Tools page. 90004 90003 Download a PDF version of this page: Soldering Guide (PDF) 90004 90009 90010 How to Solder 90011 90012 First a few safety precautions: 90013 90003 90015 Never touch the element or tip of the soldering iron.90016 They are very hot (about 400 ° C) and will give you a nasty burn. 90004 90003 90015 Take great care to avoid touching the mains flex with the tip of the iron. 90016 The iron should have a heatproof flex for extra protection. An ordinary plastic flex will melt immediately if touched by a hot iron and there is a serious risk of burns and electric shock. 90004 90003 90015 Always return the soldering iron to its stand when not in use. 90016 Never put it down on your workbench, even for a moment! 90004 90003 90015 Work in a well-ventilated area.90016 The smoke formed as you melt solder is mostly from the flux and quite irritating. Avoid breathing it by keeping you head to the side of, not above, your work. 90004 90003 90015 Wash your hands after using solder. 90016 Traditional solder contains lead which is a poisonous metal. 90004 90003 If you burn yourself see First Aid for Burns. 90004 90036 90003 90004 90003 I strongly recommend using a soldering iron with a 90015 heatproof silicone cable 90016 for safety because it will not melt if accidentally touched with the hot iron.90004 90003 For example this 230V soldering iron from Rapid Electronics: soldering iron 90004 90012 Preparing the soldering iron: 90013 90003 90015 Place the soldering iron in its stand and plug in. 90016 The iron will take a few minutes to reach its operating temperature of about 400 ° C. 90004 90003 90015 Dampen the sponge in the stand. 90016 The best way to do this is to lift it out the stand and hold it under a cold tap for a moment, then squeeze to remove excess water. It should be damp, not dripping wet.90004 90003 90015 Wait a few minutes for the soldering iron to warm up. 90016 You can check if it is ready by trying to melt a little solder on the tip. 90004 90003 90015 Wipe the tip of the iron on the damp sponge. 90016 This will clean the tip. 90004 90003 90015 Melt a little solder on the tip of the iron. 90016 This is called ‘tinning’ and it will help the heat to flow from the iron’s tip to the joint. It only needs to be done when you plug in the iron, and occasionally while soldering if you need to wipe the tip clean on the sponge.90004 90012 You are now ready to start soldering: 90013 90003 90015 Hold the soldering iron like a pen, near the base of the handle 90016 (Imagine you are going to write your name). Remember to never touch the hot element or tip. 90004 90003 90015 Touch the soldering iron onto the joint to be made. 90016 Make sure it touches both the component lead and the track. Hold the tip there for a few seconds and … 90004 90003 90015 Feed a little solder onto the joint. 90016 It should flow smoothly onto the lead and track to form a volcano shape as shown in the diagram.Apply the solder to the joint, not the iron. 90004 90003 90015 Remove the solder, then the iron, while keeping the joint still. 90016 Allow the joint a few seconds to cool before you move the circuit board. 90004 90003 90015 Inspect the joint closely. 90016 It should look shiny and have a ‘volcano’ shape. If not, you will need to reheat it and feed in a little more solder. This time ensure that 90015 both 90016 the lead and track are heated fully before applying solder. 90004 90003 If you burn yourself see First Aid for Burns below.90004 90093 90003 90004 90003 Short of money for your electronics projects? Sell ​​your old iPhone, iPad, MacBook or other Apple device: macback.co.uk 90004 90009 90010 Using a heat sink 90011 90101 90003 Some components, such as transistors, can be damaged by heat when soldering so if you are not an expert it is wise to use a heat sink clipped to the lead between the joint and the component body. You can buy a special tool, but a standard crocodile clip (without a plastic cover) works just as well and is cheaper.90004 90003 The heat sink works by taking some of the heat being supplied by the soldering iron and this helps to prevent the component’s temperature increasing too much. 90004 90003 Rapid Electronics: crocodile clip 90004 90009 90009 90010 Soldering Advice for Components 90011 90112 90003 It is very tempting to start soldering components onto the circuit board straight away, but please take time to identify all the parts first. Sticking them onto a sheet of scrap paper and labelling each one is worthwhile and you are less likely to make a mistake if you do this.90004 90003 90015 Some ICs are static sensitive 90016 and will be supplied in antistatic packaging — leave these ICs in their packaging until you need them, then earth your hands by touching a metal water pipe or window frame before handling the ICs. 90004 90119 90120 Stick the components onto paper using sticky tape. 90121 90120 Identify each component and write its name or value beside it. 90121 90120 Add the labels (R1, R2, C1 etc.) used in the project diagram too if necessary. 90121 90120 Resistor values ​​can be found using the colour code explained on the resistors page.You can make your own colour code calculator. 90121 90120 Capacitor values ​​can be a little more difficult, the various labelling systems are explained on the capacitors page. 90121 90130 90012 Some components require special care when soldering. 90013 90003 Many must be placed the correct way round and a few can be easily damaged by the heat from soldering. 90004 90003 The table shows advice for the various components and a suggested order to put them on the board. Generally it is best to start with the smallest parts but for stripboard it is helpful to start with the IC holder (s) as a reference point for other parts.90004 90012 Wire links 90013 90003 90015 Wire links between points on the board 90016 can be made with plastic-coated single core wire which will need stripping, or tinned copper wire if the link will not touch other parts. Tinned copper wire looks just like solder but you can feel the difference, it is stiffer than solder (and it will not melt). 90004 90003 90015 Wires to parts off the board 90016 need to be flexible so use plastic-coated stranded wire for these, a popular type is 7 / 0.2mm wire (7 strands of 0.2 mm diameter wire). 90146 Single core wire is unsuitable because it snaps when repeatedly flexed. 90147 90004 90003 Rapid Electronics: 7 / 0.2mm wire pack 90004 90151 90152 90153 90015 Soldering Components 90016 90156 Put components on the board in this order: 90157 90158 90152 90153 90161 90015 1. IC Holders 90016 90156 Connect the correct way round — the notch will remind you which way to place the IC. 90146 Do NOT insert the ICs yet. 90147 90157 90158 90152 90153 90171 90015 2.Resistors 90016 90156 Connect either way round. 90157 90158 90152 90153 90015 3. Small value capacitors 90016 90181 90156 Small value capacitors (<1μF) are not polarised. Connect either way round. 90157 90158 90152 90153 90015 4. Electrolytic capacitors (1μF +) 90016 90189 90156 Connect the correct way round, look for a + or - near one lead. They may be radial style (both leads at one end) or axial style (leads at each end). 90157 90158 90152 90153 90195 90015 5.Diodes 90016 90156 Connect the correct way round. The stripe marks the cathode (line on symbol) usually labelled k on diagrams. 90156 90146 For germanium diodes use a heat sink. 90147 90157 90158 90152 90153 90206 90015 6. LEDs 90016 90156 Connect the correct way round, the cathode is the short lead. The diagram will have a or + for anode, k or - for cathode. 90157 90158 90152 90153 90214 90015 7. Transistors 90016 90156 Transistors have 3 'legs' (leads) so take extra care to connect them correctly.They can be damaged by heat, use a heat sink until you can solder quickly. 90157 90158 90152 90153 90222 90015 8. Wire Links 90016 90156 Links between points on the board can be made with plastic-coated single core wire, or tinned copper wire if the link will not touch other parts. 90157 90158 90152 90153 90015 9. Parts with their own wires 90016 90156 Battery clips, buzzers etc. Connect the correct way round if necessary. 90157 90158 90152 90153 90015 10. Wires to parts off the board 90016 90239 90156 Use stranded wire for switches, relays, loudspeakers, variable resistors etc.90157 90158 90152 90153 90015 11. ICs (chips) 90016 90247 90156 Connect the correct way round, look for the notch or dot near pin 1. Make sure all the pins are lined up with the socket before pushing down firmly with your thumb. 90157 90158 90251 90009 90010 What is solder? 90011 90255 90003 90015 Traditional solder 90016 is an alloy (mixture) of tin and lead, typically 60% tin and 40% lead. It melts at a temperature of about 200 ° C. 90004 90003 Modern 90015 lead-free solder 90016 is an alloy of tin with other metals including copper and silver.It melts at a temperature of about 220 ° C. 90004 90003 Coating a surface with solder is called 'tinning' because of the tin content of solder. 90004 90003 90267 Photograph © Rapid Electronics 90268 90004 90003 90015 Always wash your hands after using solder 90016, this is especially important with traditional solder because it contains lead which is toxic. 90004 90003 The best size of solder for electronics is 22 swg (swg = standard wire gauge) and I recommend using lead-free solder.90004 90003 Rapid Electronics: lead-free solder 90004 90003 Solder for electronics use contains tiny cores of flux, like the wires inside a mains flex. The flux is corrosive, like an acid, and it cleans the metal surfaces as the solder melts. This is why you must melt the solder actually on the joint, not on the iron tip. Without flux most joints would fail because metals quickly oxidise and the solder itself will not flow properly onto a dirty, oxidised, metal surface. 90004 90009 90009 90010 Desoldering 90011 90003 At some stage you will probably need to desolder a joint to remove or re-position a wire or component.There are two ways to remove the solder: 90004 90286 1. With a desoldering pump 90287 90003 Also known as a 'solder sucker'. It is best to use one with an ESD (electrostatic discharge) nozzle to protect some ICs which can be damaged by static electricity. 90004 90119 90120 Set the pump by pushing the spring-loaded plunger down until it locks. 90121 90120 Apply both the pump nozzle and the tip of your soldering iron to the joint. 90121 90120 Wait a second or two for the solder to melt.90121 90120 Then press the button on the pump to release the plunger and suck the molten solder into the tool. 90121 90120 Repeat if necessary to remove as much solder as possible. 90121 90120 The pump will need emptying occasionally by unscrewing the nozzle. 90121 90130 90003 Rapid Electronics: desolder pump 90004 90306 90003 Using a desoldering pump (solder sucker) 90004 90286 2. With solder remover braid 90287 90003 The copper braid acts as a wick for the molten solder which readily flows onto the braid, away from the joint.90004 90119 90120 Apply both the end of the copper braid and the tip of your soldering iron to the joint. 90121 90120 As the solder melts most of it will flow onto the braid, away from the joint. 90121 90120 Remove the braid first, then the soldering iron. 90121 90120 Cut off and discard the end of the braid coated with solder. 90121 90130 90003 Rapid Electronics: desolder braid 90004 90003 After removing most of the solder from the joint (s) you may be able to remove the wire or component lead straight away (allow a few seconds for it to cool).If the joint will not come apart easily apply your soldering iron to melt the remaining traces of solder at the same time as pulling the joint apart, taking care to avoid burning yourself. 90004 90009 90010 First Aid for Burns 90011 90003 Most burns from soldering are likely to be minor and treatment is simple: 90004 90119 90120 90015 Immediately cool the affected area under gently running cold water. 90016 90156 Keep the burn in the cold water for at least 5 minutes (15 minutes is recommended).If ice is readily available this can be helpful too, but do not delay the initial cooling with cold water. 90121 90120 90015 Do not apply any creams or ointments. 90016 90156 The burn will heal better without them. A dry dressing, such as a clean handkerchief, may be applied if you wish to protect the area from dirt. 90121 90120 90015 Seek medical attention if the burn covers an area bigger than your hand. 90016 90121 90130 90003 To reduce the risk of burns: 90004 90350 90120 Always return your soldering iron to its stand immediately after use.90121 90120 Allow joints and components a minute or so to cool down before you touch them. 90121 90120 Never touch the element or tip of a soldering iron unless you are certain it is cold. 90121 90357 90009 90003 Rapid Electronics have kindly allowed me to use their images on this website and I am very grateful for their support. They stock a wide range of components, tools and materials for electronics and I am happy to recommend them as a supplier. 90004 90009 90286 Privacy Policy & Cookies 90287 90003 90267 This website does not collect personal information.If you send an email your email address and any personal information will be used only to respond to your message, it will not be given to anyone else. This website displays advertisements, if you click on these the advertiser may know that you came from this site and I may be rewarded. No personal information is passed to advertisers. This website uses some cookies classed as 'strictly necessary', they are essential for operation of the website and can not be refused but they do not contain any personal information.This website uses the Google AdSense service which uses cookies to serve advertisements based on your use of websites (Including this one) as explained by Google. To learn how to delete and control cookies from your browser please visit AboutCookies.org. 90268 90004 90003 electronicsclub.info © John Hewes 2020 90004 90003 Website hosted by Tsohost 90004 .90000 How to Fix a Copper Pipe ... WITHOUT Soldering !! 90001 90002 Today you'll learn how to fix a copper pipe. 90003 90002 Here's the Story: 90003 90002 Last Sunday I got a frantic text from my wife ... 90003 90002 ... water was leaking from the kitchen ceiling !!!!!!! 90003 90002 What would 90011 you 90012 do in this situation? 90003 90002 If you do not have an immediate answer you're in luck. 90003 90002 Seriously, EVERY homeowner should know how to fix leaky copper pies. 90003 90002 Let's dive in.90019 90003 90021 90022 90023 Why Learn to Fix Leaky Copper Pipes 90024 90025 90002 How much does a plumber cost on Sunday? 90003 90002 You do not want to find out ... trust me. 90003 90002 So it's good to know how to repair copper pipe leaks. 90003 90002 After today you'll have the confidence to do this yourself. 90003 90002 Here are the supplies you need 90003 90002 You do not need all these tools. 90003 90002 But they're nice to know about. 90003 90002 What's the first step when assessing a water leak? 90003 90002 90003 90022 90023 How to Start a Copper Pipe Repair 90024 90025 90002 Unless there's water gushing from the ceiling, leave the water on.90003 90002 That way you can identify the location of the leaking pipe. 90003 90002 I know this sounds NUTS, but it helps spot the leak. 90003 90002 Feel the ceiling or wall for sponginess. 90003 90002 90003 90002 Saw a small square or rectangle in your drywall ceiling. 90003 90002 Yah, this is scary but you have to do it - PLUS your drywall is ruined, so who cares, lol. 90003 90002 90003 90002 Do your best Magnum PI impression and inspect for the leaking pipe. 90003 90002 Mustache is NOT optional.90003 90002 90003 90002 90023 Here's what I found: 90024 90003 90002 ... a copper pipe pinhole leak, FUN TIMES 90003 90002 90003 90002 Once you locate the pipe leak, shut the water off to the house. 90003 90002 Drain the water lines, I did this at our laundry tub. 90003 90002 Please excuse it's grime. I was not expecting to do this tutorial on a Sunday night !! 90003 90002 90003.